Hypothyroidism is a medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It results when the thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormone, which is responsible for regulating metabolism and carrying out various other body functions. Various factors, including autoimmune disorders, radiation therapy, and certain medications, can cause this condition. 

Although hypothyroidism can affect anyone, it is more common in women, older adults, and those with a family history of thyroid disease. Recognising the symptoms of hypothyroidism is crucial to avoid complications, as untreated hypothyroidism can lead to more severe health problems. Therefore, it is essential to understand the signs of hypothyroidism to seek timely medical care and start appropriate treatment.

Common Signs of Hypothyroidism

The symptoms of hypothyroidism may vary from person to person. However, it's important to be aware of the following seven most commonly occurring signs:

1. Fatigue and weakness

People with hypothyroidism often feel exhausted, even after a good night's sleep. This can make it difficult to perform daily activities and impact work or school performance. 

2. Weight gain

Weight fluctuations are commonly seen in hypothyroidism. Due to low thyroid hormone levels, the metabolic rate of the body slows down, resulting in weight gain and making it difficult to lose the extra weight.

3. Cold intolerance 

Hypothyroidism can cause people to feel cold, even in warm environments. This happens because thyroid hormone helps regulate body temperature, therefore, in the absence of enough thyroid hormone, the person may feel extremely cold.

4. Hair loss

Persistent hair loss can be a symptom of hypothyroidism. We all know that hair follows a cyclic pattern consisting of 3 phases; anagen (the growing phase), catagen (transitioning phase), and telogen (the resting phase). Lack of enough thyroid hormone in the body can extend the resting phase, thereby resulting in excessive hair loss. This can occur on the scalp or other body parts, such as the eyebrows.

5. Dry skin

People with hypothyroidism may experience dry, itchy skin as thyroid hormone plays a role in skin health and hydration. Moreover, hypothyroidism reduces sweat secretion from the eccrine glands that are present on the skin, thereby, making the skin dry.

6. Constipation 

Hypothyroidism can slow down digestion and cause constipation. This means that food moves more slowly through the digestive tract, causing difficulty in passing stool.

7. Depression or irritability

Low thyroid hormone levels can affect your mood severely and make you irritable. It has also been associated with an increased risk of developing depression. 

Serious Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
Myxedema is a critical condition that occurs when thyroid levels drop significantly and causes severe symptoms, such as:

• Low body temperature
• Anaemia
• Confusion 
• Heart failure
• Coma

This severe type of hypothyroidism is life-threatening and requires immediate assistance from a health professional.

If you are experiencing any of the above symptoms, then you must see a doctor for diagnosis. The diagnostic process typically involves a physical exam and blood tests to check thyroid hormone levels. Recognising the symptoms early and seeking treatment is vital to avoid complications. For more information,

Consult Apollo’s Expert Doctors

Medically reviewed by Dr Sonia Bhatt